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Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that begins in plasma cells, a part of the immune system found inside the bone marrow. These cells normally make antibodies to fight infection, but in myeloma, they start multiplying without control. Over time, this buildup affects the bones, kidneys, and immune system. What Causes Multiple Myeloma? The exact cause isn’t always clear, but researchers link it to genetic mutations and environmental factors. Family history, exposure to radiation, or certain chemicals may increase the risk. It usually affects older adults and progresses slowly in most cases. Common Signs and Symptoms Many people notice bone pain, especially in the back or ribs, or they might feel tired and weak for no clear reason. Some face frequent infections or notice unexplained weight loss. Since the symptoms develop slowly, diagnosis often happens late. Tests like blood work, urine studies, and bone marrow biopsy help doctors confirm the condition. Treatment Options M...

What is Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)? Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) is a group of disorders caused by abnormally formed or dysfunctional blood cells. In this condition, the bone marrow does not produce enough healthy blood cells to function properly, which can lead to anemia, recurring infections, and easy bleeding. Although MDS is more common in older adults, it can occur at any age. Some patients may experience mild symptoms for years, while others may develop more severe forms that can progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Common Symptoms of Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients with MDS may experience: Chronic fatigue or weakness Shortness of breath Unexplained bruising or bleeding Recurrent infections Pallor (anemia) Because these symptoms can overlap with other conditions, a proper diagnosis often requires blood tests and a bone marrow biopsy. Lenalidomide Tablet  How MDS is Treated Treatment for MDS depends on the severity of the disease, age, and overall health of the pa...